As satellite technology rapidly evolves and new uses for satellite data emerge, its promise to transform environmental management grows.
Today, several key trends are shaping how satellite data is used to tackle environmental challenges. Yet, as promising as they appear, they still face significant hurdles. The road to broader adoption of satellite data to yield meaningful environmental impact is more complex than it seems, and industry insiders remain cautious about the immediate potential of these technologies. While there are several promising technologies that could shape environmental monitoring in the future, the slow pace of technological development suggests that the year 2025 may not see any of the breakthrough successes the industry is hoping for.
One of the most notable trends in this space is the proliferation of small satellites, which are expected to grow in number significantly in the coming years. While these satellites offer promise, their impact on the industry may not be immediate. The calibration and configuration required for these satellites to become operational can take at least a year, and their revisit rates are often insufficient. Small satellites equipped with specialized sensors for weather monitoring may fill niche roles but they are unlikely to disrupt the broader market in the short term.
Small satellites lack comprehensive coverage and struggle with scalability, limiting their broader utility in addressing pressing global issues like climate change or disaster monitoring. Even though small satellites have tremendous potential, these challenges mean they’re unlikely to make a huge difference in environmental monitoring in 2025.
AI analytics
As the satellite landscape diversifies, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into satellite data analytics is becoming critical. A striking example of AI-driven innovation is Meta’s global tree canopy height map, a tool used for assessing forest cover and biodiversity, created in collaboration with the World Resources Institute. This project highlights the growing role of AI in generating detailed and impactful environmental insights, though challenges such as data accuracy and validation remain.
One key obstacle to AI’s broader success in satellite analytics is the limited availability of high-quality, up-to-date data. While satellites generate immense volumes of information, which can be seen on real-time satellite maps, much of it is not yet suitable for training advanced AI models.
Other experimental technologies
Quantum computing is another frontier with implications for satellite data. Although quantum sensors and computers are still highly experimental, their potential to process complex datasets quickly could indeed revolutionize the field. For instance, quantum technologies could improve the signal-to-noise ratio in hyperspectral imaging, enabling the detection of subtle environmental changes. However, their adoption faces two critical barriers: the immense cost of developing quantum systems and the technical challenge of miniaturizing these technologies for deployment in space. These hurdles suggest that while quantum computing may redefine satellite data analytics in the long term, we won’t see significant contributions for several years.
The industry is also witnessing the emergence of highly specialized satellite missions, such as the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar mission and the European Space Agency’s Biomass missions. These satellites, equipped with cutting-edge radar and hyperspectral imaging technologies, aim to provide unprecedented insights into forest biomass, soil moisture and land surface changes. Such missions exemplify the trend toward targeted satellite applications that address specific environmental and scientific questions. Yet, their effectiveness depends on how swiftly their data can be translated into actionable insights by end-users like environmental scientists and policymakers. There is still a bottleneck between data availability and its application.
Then, there is the ongoing development of very high-throughput satellites (VHTS), which is expected to enhance data transmission capabilities. With multibeam antennas and advanced modulation techniques, these satellites can deliver vast amounts of data with greater efficiency. While primarily designed for internet connectivity, these technologies also promise to improve the delivery of Earth observation satellite images for environmental monitoring and management. However, latency issues remain challenging, and these satellites must be compatible with existing data platforms to unlock their full potential for Earth observation.
Lastly, the concept of data fabric architecture is gaining traction as a way to integrate diverse datasets gathered from satellite imagery, ground-based sensors and even social media inputs — without human intervention. This holistic approach could make it easier to understand complex environmental systems. However, achieving seamless integration requires significant advancements in AI and data processing technologies, and standardized protocols across data sources need to be developed and adopted. Without such frameworks, combining disparate datasets risks creating fragmented insights rather than the cohesive understanding that decisionmakers require.
The trends shaping how satellite data can be used to manage the environment reflect a field in constant evolution. While small satellites and AI hold immediate promise, their full potential will depend on overcoming technical and operational challenges. Similarly, innovations like quantum computing offer glimpses of the future but require significant investment and development to become mainstream.
But even without any imminent breakthroughs, these advancements are all part of a broader journey. The proliferation of small satellites, the integration of AI and the rise of VHTS reflect the industry’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of what satellite data can achieve. However, much work remains to unlock their transformative potential — such as improvements in data integration, affordability and infrastructure — meaning that 2025 will be more of a transitional phase than a revolutionary one.
Specialized satellite missions and advanced data transmission technologies are setting new benchmarks for the industry as they make cutting-edge satellite imagery readily available and actionable. And the push toward integrated data architectures highlights the importance of collaboration and innovation in addressing complex environmental issues.
Looking ahead, the continued growth of satellite technology will likely yield even more sophisticated tools and solutions for environmental management. By prioritizing investments in data processing and accessibility, the industry can bridge the gap between raw data and actionable insights. As these advancements mature, they will pave the way for smarter, faster and more effective decision-making. And by staying at the forefront of these trends, we all will be able to harness the power of the most recent satellite images to address pressing environmental challenges and build a more sustainable future.
With over 15 years of experience in commercial writing and journalism, Maksym Shushchuk is dedicated to fostering positive change in society, ecology and the environment. His passion lies in using compelling narratives to inspire action and drive sustainable impact, aiming to create a greener, more resilient world through the art of storytelling.
